Summary

The case study explores KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, which is the epicenter of an epidemic of drug-resistant tuberculosis (DR-TB) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) co-infection in South Africa. It explores this epidemic which is characterized by nosocomial and community spread, amplification of anti-tuberculosis drug resistance over time, and low rates of medication adherence and retention in care. The study also examines social workers, who may have a unique role to play in improving DR-TB-HIV outcomes. The study designed, implemented and evaluated a model-based pilot training course on patient-centered care, treatment literacy in DR-TB and HIV coinfection, patient support group facilitation, and self-care. Ten social workers participated in a 1-day training course.